Judo, a martial art that emphasizes throws and grappling techniques, was developed in Japan in the late 19th century and has become a popular sport around the world.

The Japanese automotive industry has been impacted by demographic changes, such as an aging population and declining birth rates, which have affected demand for cars and the availability of workers.

The Meiji Restoration in the late 19th century saw the overthrow of the Tokugawa shogunate and the modernization of Japan.