The Japanese dormouse is a small nocturnal rodent that is endemic to Japan and is known for its long, bushy tail.

The Japanese woodpecker is a species of woodpecker that is found throughout Japan's forests and is known for its distinctive red head.

The 16th century saw the rise of Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu, who were instrumental in unifying Japan under a centralized government.