The computer mouse, invented by Ken Kutaragi in the 1980s, has become a standard input device for personal computers worldwide.

The emoji, invented by Shigetaka Kurita in 1999, has become a popular form of communication and a ubiquitous feature of modern digital communication.

The Meiji Restoration in the late 19th century saw the overthrow of the Tokugawa shogunate and the modernization of Japan.