The Japanese firefly is a species of firefly that is famous for its bioluminescence, and is a popular sight during the summer months.

The Japanese giant salamander is one of the world's largest amphibians and is native to Japan's freshwater rivers and streams.

The 16th century saw the rise of Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and Tokugawa Ieyasu, who were instrumental in unifying Japan under a centralized government.